
AI-agenter
Hvad de er, og hvorfor de er vigtige
AI-agenter er systemer drevet af kunstig intelligens (AI), der udfører komplekse opgaver eller træffer informerede beslutninger med varierende menneskelig involvering. De overgår traditionelle chatbots og store sprogmodeller (LLM'er) ved at integrere data og avancerede analyseværktøjer for at være mere tilpasningsdygtige og i stand til at foretage komplekse ræsonnementer på tværs af brancher.
Why is agentic AI important?
Agentic AI helps organizations move from generating insights to acting. Unlike traditional AI systems that primarily predict, generate or recommend, agentic AI systems can reason about next steps, use tools and take actions across workflows with varying levels of human oversight. As organizations move beyond experimentation, their focus is on deploying AI that operates within a business context, adheres to governance standards and delivers measurable outcomes.
This distinction makes agentic AI especially relevant in today’s market:
- The demand for automation and productivity. Organizations are under pressure to reduce costs, increase human productivity and scale operations quickly. Automation through AI agents is a powerful solution, capable of handling both repetitive and more complex functions.
- Enhanced decision-making. Making informed decisions is crucial to staying competitive. AI agents help organizations analyze vast amounts of data, extract insights and make real-time decisions that can improve operational efficiency, customer experience and profitability.
- Dynamic environments and adaptability. The pace of change in business environments requires systems that can quickly adapt. Agentic AI excels at operating in dynamic environments, adapting its plans and actions based on new information, feedback and changing conditions.
Agentic AI can improve productivity by automating multistep workflows, coordinating tasks and supporting faster decisions – enabling humans to focus on higher-value work.
Autonomy levels
Agent autonomy can be thought of along a spectrum, characterized by these levels:
- Level 1: Human directed. Agents recommend or prepare actions while humans initiate or approve consequential actions.
- Level 2: Human supervised. Agents execute defined tasks within established boundaries, with ongoing human oversight.
- Level 3: Semiautonomous. Agents plan and execute multistep workflows independently within predefined guardrails, escalating exceptions or higher-risk decisions.
- Level 4: Highly autonomous. Agents pursue goals and execute workflows with minimal human intervention, subject to predefined policies, controls and monitoring.
Of course, giving an agent full ownership can introduce risk. There are several factors to help determine the appropriate level of autonomy, including the level of risk, industry use and regulatory environment. In addition, these factors should be considered:
- Ease of reversing agent decisions.
- Impact/severity if the agent is wrong.
- Sensitivity of the data involved.
- Permissions and systems the agent can access.
- Predictability and observability of the task.
- Ability to detect failures.
- Need for human judgment.
- Financial, customer and safety consequences.
With inherent risk, it’s more important than ever to build AI systems with governance, particularly for highly regulated industries where transparency, accountability and human oversight are nonnegotiable. The most successful agentic AI systems will keep humans in the loop, combining human judgment with AI-driven speed and scale.
Agentisk AI forklaret
Hvad er agentisk AI? Som en førende trend inden for teknologi er der mange, der spekulerer på, hvad det er, og hvordan det vil påvirke erhvervslivet. Flere faktorer gør agentisk AI særligt relevant i dag - herunder behovet for automatisering, bedre beslutningstagning og større produktivitet. Der er dog risici og bekymringer ved autonom AI, som sætter fokus på ansvarlig AI. Hør Marinela Profi fortælle om agentisk AI, brugssituationer i den virkelige verden samt fordele og risici.
AI-agenter opererer inden for et spektrum af beslutningstagning - fra helt autonome handlinger til menneskestyret tilsyn. Nøglen er at afbalancere kompleksitet, hastighed og determinisme for at sikre, at AI leverer de rigtige resultater på det rigtige tidspunkt." Bryan Harris Chief Technology Officer SAS
Sådan fungerer AI-agenter
AI-agenter er ikke en one-size-fits-all-løsning. I stedet opererer de inden for et spektrum af autonomi, der spænder over to forskellige beslutningssløjfer:
- Mennesket ude af loopet. Fungerer autonomt og træffer beslutninger i realtid uden menneskelig indblanding.
- Mennesket i loopet. Inddrager menneskeligt tilsyn efter behov og hjælper, men erstatter ikke helt den menneskelige beslutningstagning.
Hver af disse beslutningssløjfer kommer med vigtige overvejelser, herunder:
- Problemets kompleksitet. Problemer med lavere kompleksitet håndteres ofte bedst autonomt, mens udfordringer med højere kompleksitet ofte har gavn af menneskeligt tilsyn.
- Determinisme. Systemer, der fungerer uafhængigt, skal levere ensartede, repeterbare resultater. De systemer, der arbejder sammen med mennesker, kan give mulighed for mere udforskende eller adaptive resultater.
- Hurtig beslutningstagning. Brug i realtid kræver reaktioner på millisekundniveau, mens nuancerede scenarier kan give mere tid til analyse.
- Nøjagtighed og kontrol. Automatiseringsniveauet varierer afhængigt af den nødvendige nøjagtighed og behovet for lovgivningsmæssigt tilsyn i brancher som bank, forsikring og sundhedspleje.
What is AI agent governance?
AI agent governance is the set of policies, controls and oversight practices that guide how autonomous AI systems are designed, deployed, monitored and improved. Governance is critical for AI agents because autonomous systems can recommend actions, initiate workflows and affect business outcomes.
AI agent governance ensures AI agents operate ethically, legally and transparently. Effective governance requires AI systems to be accountable, explainable and auditable while remaining under appropriate human control. Some of the key governance pillars include:
- Human-in-the-loop oversight.
- Explainability and traceability.
- Auditability and lineage.
- Testing and evaluation.
- Ethical and bias auditing.
- Regulatory and business safeguards.
- Identity and access management.
- Tool and action permissions.
- Human interaction and escalation.
These measures help organizations mitigate risks related to discrimination, financial losses, misinformation and cybersecurity threats. AI governance should be a standard business discipline, much like cybersecurity and data privacy governance are today. Because agents can access data, invoke tools and take actions, agent security must extend beyond protecting the model itself to securing the entire agentic system.
Emerging regulations, industry standards and dedicated AI governance boards will help organizations deploy autonomous systems responsibly. Rather than slowing innovation, governance will enable organizations to build safer, smarter and more trustworthy AI agents that can deliver business value while maintaining trust.
The risks of improper governance
An AI agent is more than a language model. An enterprise agent typically combines a model with instructions, business context, memory or retrieved knowledge, tools and APIs, orchestration and governance controls. These components allow the agent to reason about a goal and take actions within defined boundaries.
Without proper governance, AI agents could become a liability. Here are a few unwanted outcomes:
- Decision risk. Agents may make inaccurate, biased or inappropriate decisions.
- Operational risk. Agents may execute incorrect actions, trigger cascading workflows or cause unintended business consequences.
- Security and privacy risk. Agents with access to tools, credentials and sensitive data can create new attack surfaces, including prompt injection, unauthorized tool use and data leakage.
- Compliance and legal risk. Agent behavior may violate regulations, organizational policies or contractual obligations.
- Reputational risk. Incorrect or inappropriate agent-generated communications or actions can damage customer trust and brand reputation.
AI governance works best when it’s treated as a strategic advantage, not a burden. It’s a living system that evolves in relation to technologies, organizations and the world around it.
AI-agenter i praksis
AI-agenter fungerer ved hjælp af fem nøglekomponenter: Perception, kognition, beslutningstagning, handling og læring.
What is retrieval-augmented generation?
Retrieval-augmented generation, or RAG, is a technique that helps AI systems generate more accurate responses by grounding them in trusted external data. Instead of relying solely on information learned during training, a retrieval-augmented generation system first searches relevant documents, databases or knowledge sources and then uses the retrieved information to help generate an answer. This allows the model to provide more current, accurate and context-specific responses.
In agentic AI systems, RAG helps agents access the right enterprise knowledge before making recommendations or taking action. A typical RAG workflow has two main stages:
- Retrieval – when the system searches or queries relevant knowledge sources, often using semantic search, vector embeddings, keyword search, structured queries or a combination of techniques.
- Generation – when the language model receives both the user's question and the retrieved content as input, enabling it to create a response grounded in the retrieved evidence rather than relying entirely on its internal knowledge.
RAG is widely used in enterprise search, customer support, knowledge management and agentic AI because it can reduce AI hallucinations and make responses more trustworthy. Organizations can connect RAG systems to internal documents, policies, manuals and databases, allowing users to receive answers based on authoritative sources. However, the effectiveness of RAG depends heavily on the quality of the retrieval process, the relevance of the underlying data and how well the retrieved information is integrated into the model's response.
RAG is one of several grounding mechanisms. For agentic systems, grounding can extend beyond RAG. Agents may access databases, APIs, analytical models, business rules and enterprise applications through tools. This allows an agent not only to retrieve knowledge, but also to obtain the current state, perform analysis and take governed actions.
Miljøets rolle
En AI-agent opererer ikke i et vakuum - den interagerer med systemer, mennesker og processer, som former dens beslutninger. Miljøet giver den kontekst og feedback, der påvirker perception, kognition og handlinger. Et veldefineret miljø hjælper agenten med at træffe bedre beslutninger og løbende forbedre sig.
AI-agenter versus agentisk AI
AI-agenter og agentisk AI er blevet brugt i flæng, men de har forskellige betydninger. Læs videre for at forstå forskellen.
AI-agenter er specifikke, opgaveorienterede AI-systemer, der er designet til at udføre gentagne opgaver på vegne af en bruger. Disse agenter kan automatisere processer, analysere data og træffe beslutninger baseret på foruddefinerede regler og algoritmer. De interagerer med deres miljø, systemer, mennesker og processer for at forme deres beslutninger og handlinger.
Agentisk AI refererer til intelligente systemer eller "agenter", der udviser et højere niveau af autonomi og beslutningsevne. Disse systemer kan træffe beslutninger, udføre opgaver og lære af deres interaktioner i et givet miljø. Agentisk AI udgør en mere omfattende tilgang, der bruger flere AI-agenter til at nå komplekse mål på egen hånd. Det involverer en kombination af AI, automatisering og menneskeligt tilsyn for at omdefinere, hvordan virksomheder fungerer, træffer beslutninger og interagerer med teknologi.
Kort sagt: AI-agenter er værktøjerne. Agentisk AI er det system, der bruger disse værktøjer til at tænke, beslutte og handle på egen hånd. Ikke alle AI-agenter er agentiske - ægte agentisk AI kræver et højere niveau af autonomi og koordinering. Men fuld autonomi alene er ikke nok til virksomhedsbrug. Det er her, gennemtænkt orkestrering, menneskeligt tilsyn og tillid kommer ind i billedet.
SAS® Intelligent beslutningstagning
SAS Intelligent beslutningstagning giver organisationer mulighed for at automatisere og styre komplekse beslutninger med hastighed og præcision. Ved at kombinere styring af forretningsregler, registrering af hændelser i realtid, beslutningsstyring og avanceret analyse kan virksomheder træffe datadrevne beslutninger i stor skala. Fra personlig markedsføring og next-best-handlinger til kredittjenester og forebyggelse af svindel strømliner det kundeinteraktioner i realtid og operationelle arbejdsgange.
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